Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder are serious conditions that arise following traumatic or stressful events. DocuMental Clinic offers diagnosis and treatment via video consultation across Estonia, particularly in Tallinn and Tartu — no waiting list. Consultations are conducted by our specialist psychiatrists.
PTSD — Symptoms
PTSD develops after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event that threatens life or safety. Symptoms fall into four groups:
Intrusive memories and experiences
- flashbacks — the feeling that the trauma is happening again
- intrusive and distressing memories of the event
- nightmares and anxious dreams related to the trauma
Avoidance
- avoiding places, people, conversations and situations associated with the trauma
- attempts to suppress memories and emotions related to the event
Negative changes in thinking and mood
- feelings of detachment and emotional numbness
- loss of interest in previously meaningful activities
- negative beliefs about oneself and the world — ‘Nobody needs me’, ‘The world is unsafe’
Increased arousal and reactivity
- hypervigilance and an exaggerated startle response
- irritability, angry outbursts, sleep problems and difficulty concentrating
Adjustment Disorder — Symptoms
Adjustment disorder arises as a reaction to stressful life changes — job loss, divorce, relocation, bereavement. Symptoms include:
- Emotional manifestations: anxiety, sadness, apathy, hopelessness
- Behavioural changes: social withdrawal, avoidance of responsibilities, decline in work or studies
- Physical symptoms: fatigue, insomnia, headaches, gastrointestinal complaints
Adjustment disorder symptoms appear within 3 months of the stressful event and do not last longer than 6 months after the stressor ends.
Treatment Methods
Psychotherapy
- Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): helps change negative beliefs and reactions caused by trauma; exposure techniques gradually reduce emotional responses to memories
- EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing): combines attention to traumatic memories with eye movements — helps process emotional reactions to trauma; recognised by WHO as an effective PTSD treatment
- Group and family therapy: support from others and improving family communication
Pharmacological treatment
- Antidepressants (SSRIs): sertraline, paroxetine, fluoxetine — first-line medications for PTSD, reduce anxiety and emotional hyperarousal
- Mood stabilisers: valproic acid, carbamazepine — control irritability and impulsivity
- Atypical antipsychotics: risperidone, quetiapine — for severe PTSD and sleep disturbances
Frequently Asked Questions
Can PTSD be treated online in Estonia?
Yes. Our psychiatrists carry out assessments and develop treatment plans via video call. This is particularly important for patients in Tallinn and Tartu. The online format also lowers the barrier for people with PTSD who find it difficult to leave home.
Is EMDR a scientifically proven treatment?
Yes. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is recognised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as an effective PTSD treatment and is included in international clinical guidelines. Research shows that EMDR is comparable in effectiveness to CBT for treating PTSD.
Will PTSD resolve on its own without treatment?
In some people, PTSD symptoms diminish over time, but without treatment the disorder often becomes chronic and significantly reduces quality of life. Adjustment disorder symptoms usually resolve within 6 months, but PTSD requires professional help for full recovery.
Related articles
🔗 Anxiety disorders — symptoms and treatment
🔗 Depression — when to see a psychiatrist
🔗 Personality disorders — diagnosis and treatment
Book a Psychiatrist Appointment for PTSD in Estonia
If you have experienced a traumatic event and notice symptoms of PTSD or adjustment disorder — do not delay seeking help. The earlier treatment begins, the greater the chances of full recovery.
DocuMental Clinic offers online appointments across Estonia, including Tallinn and Tartu. Video consultation with our specialist psychiatrists — no referral needed, no waiting list.
Current pricing is available on the booking page.
👉 Book an appointment: https://documental.clinic/en/
Author: Psychiatrist, Prof. Eduard Maron
